Unprotected Data Transmission Risks! All-Optical National Cryptography Encryption Secures Cross-Regional Data Transfer

R&D drawings, process parameters and financial data flow across networks daily between headquarters and branch factories. Without encryption on transmission links, these core assets face constant exposure risks.

In May 2026, multiple North American Foxconn plants suffered Nitrogen ransomware attacks. Attackers moved laterally within the intranet and stole 8TB of data, including over 11 million internal documents. One month later, Danish pharmaceutical giant Novo Nordisk experienced a network breach, with more than 1TB of data copied externally, containing clinical trial patient information. The attackers demanded a USD 25 million ransom.

Data theft rarely happens by directly extracting files from servers. Instead, data is intercepted while in transit.

I. Three Common Risks in Data Transmission

Port mapping exposes intranet entry points

To remotely view surveillance feeds at branch sites, many enterprises configure port forwarding on routers, exposing NVR access ports directly to the public internet. Attackers can locate these devices via search engines such as Shodan.
A hotel manager needed remote access to surveillance during a business trip, so the IT team enabled port mapping. Three months later, hackers brute-forced passwords through this port and gained access to all surveillance footage.

Insufficient encryption strength on conventional VPNs

Traditional VPN tunnels suffer severe performance degradation under high-throughput transmission. Surveillance video and large file transfers become sluggish. Security policies across branches are fragmented with inconsistent encryption standards, making centralized management difficult for headquarters.

Copper cables emit signal radiation

Copper cables transmit electrical signals and radiate electromagnetic waves into surrounding environments. Specialized equipment can capture and reconstruct data in transit without physical contact with network cables. Attackers do not need to breach firewalls; they only need to intercept data packets mid-transmission.

Weak encryption at the transmission stage has become one of the most covert channels for data leakage.

II. How All-Optical Networks Prevent Unprotected Data Transmission

Fiber-optic physical transmission: No signal radiation or leakage

AINOPOL all-optical networks adopt fiber for physical transmission. Optical signals produce no radiation, crosstalk or easy eavesdropping. Compared with wiretapping-vulnerable copper cables, optical fiber delivers inherent security advantages, eliminating remote packet capture at the physical layer.

Native AES-128 link-layer encryption: Data is ciphertext from the source

AINOPOL all-optical networks enable native AES-128 encryption at the link layer. The PON standard mandates hardware encryption. OLTs negotiate unique keys with each ONU and encrypt service frames frame by frame. Encryption is built natively rather than added as an afterthought. Data travels in encrypted form from the moment it is generated.

IPsec national cryptography encrypted tunnels: Captured public network packets remain indecipherable

For data transmission across buildings and branch offices, IPsec national cryptography encrypted tunnels are layered on top of PON optical encryption. AINOPOL deploys national cryptography tunnels to connect intranets of headquarters and branches. Financial reports, customer records and production drawings are fully encrypted during cross-provincial transmission. Raw data cannot be decoded even if packets are captured on the public network.
The solution supports national cryptographic algorithms (SM4 storage encryption and transport-layer national cryptography suites), meeting the compliance requirement of "prioritizing national cryptographic algorithms" for Level 3 and higher systems under Cybersecurity Classified Protection 2.0.

AINOPOL all-optical network solutions embed encryption capabilities deep within the network foundation. The fiber physical layer emits no radiation, PON links feature native AES-128 encryption, and cross-domain transmission adds IPsec national cryptography tunnels, forming a closed-loop three-tier defense.
Data transmitted between headquarters and branches stays encrypted from generation to delivery, and raw data cannot be recovered from public network packet captures. While enterprises implement cross-domain networking, data encryption and national cryptography compliance are realized simultaneously.

FAQ

Q: Can data transmitted over fiber truly not be intercepted?
A: Fiber transmits optical signals with no radiation, crosstalk or easy eavesdropping. It has inherent security advantages over copper cables susceptible to wiretapping. Combined with AES-128 link-layer encryption and IPsec national cryptography tunnels, data remains encrypted end-to-end.

Q: Will cross-provincial surveillance video transmission suffer lag?
A: AINOPOL SD-WAN supports intelligent path selection and packet loss compensation. Surveillance footage and video conferences remain smooth during cross-provincial transmission, with full encryption. Captured public network packets cannot decode the original data.